Written by Bhasi A. Balakrishnan,Anjula Gurtoo Category: Vol.01 No.04 July 2016 Hits: 2931

Environmental Vulnerabilities and Impact of EMS: Study of Indian Pharmaceutical Small and Medium Scale Industries

Bhasi A. Balakrishnan
CUSAT, Cochin, India
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Anjula Gurtoo
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012, India
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Abstract

This paper evaluates the vulnerabilities faced by the small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in compliance to environmental regulations and explores the impact of environmental management systems on the firm’s compliance response. Based on a survey of 71 pharmaceutical firms from across India, two types of management systems are investigated, namely, ISO certification and establishment of a separate department. Analytical Hierarchy Process and test of significance analysis highlights that contrary to the conventional understanding that SMEs lack the wherewithal to comply with environmental standards, at least one third of the firms have taken pro-active steps to deal with compliance issues. External factors like unstable and non-aligned international standards create the main environmental management vulnerabilities. The firms with a formal environmental management system are seen to cope better, with more focus on meeting international standards and applying proactive strategies. Firms without a formal environmental management system continue to grapple with production issues. These and other results are discussed through the regulatory perspective.

Key words: pharmaceutical SMEs, India, environmental compliance, vulnerabilities, EMS
JEL codes: Q52, Q56, Q58

 

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Written by Lalu Hamdani Husnan Category: Vol.01 No.04 July 2016 Hits: 3261

The Competitiveness and Sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia (Revisited)

Lalu Hamdani Husnan
Management Department, Economics Faculty,
Mataram University, Indonesia
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Abstract

This paper is based on a study which aimed to examine the capabilities of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and how they can play more important role in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara. To fulfill this aim, a review of applicable theories was conducted. Also some interviews were carried out with a number of managers/owners of MSMEs related to their capabilities and government programs and policies in the Province. This study found that competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs in the West Nusa Tenggara Province depend strongly on their, especially economic, technological, organizational, and management and leadership capabilities. The strategy that has to be developed and undertaken by local government together with industry, and further research in this area are also discussed in this paper.

Key words: competitiveness, sustainability, sentra, Mataram city, UMKM.
JEL codes: L25, L22, L78, H32

 

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Written by Nurulhasanah Abdul Rahman, Zulnaidi Yaacob, Ida Busneti, Tulus Tambunan Category: Vol.01 No.04 July 2016 Hits: 2888

A Comparative Study on Development of MSMEs and Policies in Indonesia and Malaysia

Nurulhasanah Abdul Rahman
Management Section, School of Distance Education
Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Zulnaidi Yaacob
Management Section, School of Distance Education
Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Ida Busneti
Center for Industry, SME and Business Competition Studies
University of Trisakti, Indonesia
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Tulus Tambunan
Center for Industry, SME and Business Competition Studies
University of Trisakti, Indonesia
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Abstract

Based on secondary data and existing literature, this paper discusses current development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and their main constraints in two key member states of ASEAN, Malaysia and Indonesia. The selection of these two countries is based on two main considerations. First, Malaysia and Indonesia (together with Singapore and Thailand) have been the key engines of economic growth in ASEAN. Second, given their huge number, MSMEs in these two states are expected to play a key role in the development of ASEAN MSMEs as well as in contributing to economic growth of the region. The paper also discusses MSMEs development policies in these two countries.

Key words: MSMEs, MSEs, Malaysia, Indonesia, ASEAN,
JEL codes: O1, O2, P5

 

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Written by Lee Keng Ng, Balbir Bhasin Category: Vol.01 No.04 July 2016 Hits: 2729

Entrepreneurship and SME Development: Policy Considerations for Cambodia

Lee Keng Ng
Curtin University Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Balbir Bhasin
University of Arkansas Fort Smith
Fort Smith, Arkansas, USA
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Abstract

As with most newly emerging economies, Cambodia needs to develop its small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), which is the key engine for growth for all Southeast Asian developing countries. Though blessed with numerous natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in Asia and its long-term economic development remains a daunting challenge. It is plagued by imminent poverty as a result of lack of opportunities to develop the human capabilities of the people to the fullest. Thus, the sense of entrenched stagnation in the wellbeing of the people is reflected in the extremely poor performance in the human development index (HDI). This paper evaluates the strategy and policy that needs to be in place for the country to succeed in private sector development with particular emphasis on creating the environment for stimulating economic activity particularly towards privatization and development of SMEs in order to be fully integrated into the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).

Key words: globalization, development, policy, entrepreneurship, Cambodia
JEL codes: L60, L53, L25, L26

 

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Written by Jan K.Solarz Category: Vol.01 No.04 July 2016 Hits: 2785

Institutional Development of Family-owned Businesses in Japan: A European Perspective

Jan K.Solarz
University of Social Science, Poland
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Abstract

From the European perspective the institutional development of family-owned businesses in Japan has come full circle. Beginning in the XVII century with a strong separation of aristocrats, samurais, traders, peasants families, and through to the creation of the zaibatsu and keiretsu to the rise of Japan Inc.- there has been one successful and equal family. Now Japanese families are again separated and unequal in their everyday life. In this context it should be expected to witness a rise of, more innovative and entrepreneurial, family-owned businesses. Both Japan and Europe are family-oriented societies and economies. Demographic changes create challenges to family-owned businesses in Japan as well as in Europe. What we can learn from the institutional development of family-owned businesses in Japan? Answers to this question are especially valid in Poland, which is as nationally homogeneous as is Japan. Both Poland and Japan are also bank-oriented financial systems. Are these financial systems friendly to a family-owned business? In Europe creation the of capital markets are seen as an institutional innovation that is friendly to a family-owned business. In Japan both historical legacy and the social structure limit the development of capital markets. The institutional and comparative perspective on family-owned businesses in Japan contributes towards the discussion of the phenomena of entrepreneurship and development.

Key words: familism, institutional development, Japan, Zaibatsu, Keiretsu
JEL codes: D02, P52, Z1

 

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